<p>An asymmetrical dimer of kaurane diterpene and monoterpene and four novel diterpenes were isolated from the roots of <italic>Croton limae</italic>, along with kaempferol-3-<italic>O</italic>-glucoside, ombuin- 3-O-rutinoside and acetyl aleuritolic acid. The cytotoxic activity of the kaurane diterpene was evaluated against colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT-116), ovarian carcinoma (OVCAR-8) and glioma (SF-295) cell lines, exhibiting IC₅₀ values of 7.14, 8.19 and > 10 µg mL⁻¹, respectively.</p>

O estudo fitoquímico do extrato etanólico das raízes de Hyptis crassifolia Mart. ex Benth.(Lamiaceae) levou ao isolamento e elucidação estrutural de nove diterpenos identificados como 11,12,15-tri-hidroxi-8,11,13-abietatrien-7-ona, 6α,11,12,15-tetra-hidroxi-8,11,13-abietatrien-7‑ona, 11,12,16-tri-hidroxi-17(15→16)-abeo-abieta-8,11,13-trien-7-ona, (16S)-12,16-epoxi-11,14-di-hidroxi-17(15→16)-abeo-abieta-8,11,13-trien-7-ona, incanona, ferruginol, sugiol, óxido de 11-oxomanoíla e óxido de 11β-hidroximanoíla. Os compostos 11,12,16-tri-hidroxi-17(15→16)-abeo-abieta-8,11,13-trien-7-ona e 6α, 11,12,15-tetra-hidroxi-8,11,13-abietatrien-7-ona são inéditos na literatura, a 11,12,15-tri-hidroxi-8,11,13-abietatrien-7-ona está sendo relatada pela primeira vez como um novo diterpeno abietano natural, enquanto que para a (16S)-12,16-epoxi-11,14-di-hidroxi-17(15→16)-abeo-abieta-8,11,13-trien-7-ona, isolada anteriormente de Teucrium divaricatum Subsp. villosum, propõe-se uma revisão dos dados de ressonância magnética nuclear (NMR) 1H e 13C. A determinação estrutural de todos os constituintes foi realizada através de técnicas espectroscópicas como espectrometria de massas de alta resolução (HRMS), infravermelho (IR), NMR de 1H e 13C, incluindo sequências de pulsos uni e bidimensionais, e comparação com dados descritos na literatura.

The phytochemical study of the ethanol extract from roots of Hyptis crassifolia Mart. ex Benth. (Lamiaceae) led to the isolation and structure elucidation of nine diterpenes identified as 11,12,15-trihydroxy-8,11,13-abietatrien-7-one, 6α,11,12,15-tetrahydroxy-8,11,13-abietatrien-7-one, 11,12,16-trihydroxy-17(15→16)-abeo-abieta-8,11,13-trien-7-one, (16S)-12,16-epoxy-11,14-dihydroxy-17(15→16)-abeo-abieta-8,11,13-trien-7-one, incanone, ferruginol, sugiol, 11-oxomanoyl oxide and 11β-hydroxymanoyl oxide. Compounds 11,12,16-trihydroxy-17(15→16)-abeo-abieta-8,11,13-trien-7-one and 6α,11,12,15-tetrahydroxy-8,11,13-abietatrien-7-one are new, 11,12,15-trihydroxy-8,11,13-abietatrien-7-one is being reported for the first time as a new natural abietane diterpene, while for (16S)-12,16-epoxy-11,14-dihydroxy-17(15→16)-abeo-abieta- 8,11,13‑trien-7-one, previously isolated from Teucrium divaricatum Subsp. villosum, a revision of the 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data previously reported is proposed. Structure determination of all constituents was performed by mean of spectroscopic techniques such as high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), infrared (IR), 1H and 13C 1D and 2D NMR and comparison with literature data.

Do extrato em diclorometano do tronco de Kielmeyera cuspidata Saddi, Clusiaceae, foram isoladas cinco xantonas, 1,6-diidroxi-3,5-dimetoxixantona, 2-hidroxi-1-metoxixantona, 2,3-metilenodioxixantona, 4-hidroxi-2,3-metilenodioxixantona e 3-hidroxi-2,4-dimetoxixantona e dois triterpenos, α-amirina e β-amirina. O extrato exibiu toxicidade para Artemia salina e atividade antibacteriana para Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subitilis, Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus mutans, não sendo ativo para Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Salmonela choleraesuis.

From the dichloromethane extract of trunk of Kielmeyera cuspidata five xanthones were isolated, 1,6-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone, 2-hydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone, 2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone, 4-hydroxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone and 3-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxyxanthone and two triterpenes α-amirin and β-amirin. The extract displayed toxicity against Artemia salina and exhibited antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subitilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans and it was not active against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonela choleraesuis.

A espécie Poiretia bahiana, popularmente conhecida como arrudinha, arruda da serra ou arruda brava, tem uma ocorrência restrita aos campos rupestres da Chapada Diamantina, BA. Suas partes aéreas apresentam um aroma pungente e é usada pelo povo do local no controle de infestações por pulgas e no tratamento de hemorróidas, dores nas articulações e sinusite. Neste trabalho, relatamos a composição dos óleos voláteis obtidos das partes aéreas de cinco espécimes e do óleo volátil obtido dos frutos de um espécime de P. bahiana, os quais foram coletados em diferentes regiões da Chapada Diamantina. Nos óleos voláteis que foram analisados por CG-FID e CG-EM foram identificados vinte e nove componentes sendo que os dois principais foram a umbelulona, em concentrações entre 55,0% e 75,3%, e sabineno, em concentrações entre 10,3% e 25,2%. O óleo das partes aéreas de um espécime e o óleo dos frutos de outro espécime foram avaliados quanto às suas propriedades antimicrobianas contra seis bactérias, duas leveduras e cinco fungos filamentosos pelos ensaios de difusão em ágar e microdiluição. Os óleos exibiram atividade contra Escherichia coli, Salmonella choleraesuis, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina (MRSA), Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Cladosporium herbarum, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum e foram inativos contra Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus fumigatus e Penicillium notatum. A toxicidade do óleo das partes aéreas foi determinada contra Artemia salina apresentando uma LC50 de 459,03 mg mL-1.

Poiretia bahiana known as "arrudinha", "arruda da serra" or "arruda brava", has its occurrence restricted to the rock fields (campo rupestre) areas in Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, northeastern region of Brazil. Its aerial parts present a pungent smell and have been used by local communities as fumigant for the control of infestation of fleas and in the treatment of hemorrhoids, articulations pain and sinusitis. This work reports the composition of the volatile oils from aerial parts of five specimens and of the essential oil from the fruits of one specimen of Poiretia bahiana that were harvested in four different places of Chapada Diamantina. Twenty nine components were identified from the oils analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Umbellulone, in concentrations between 55.0% and 75.3% and sabinene, in concentrations between 10.3% and 25.2% are the major components. The oil from the aerial parts of one specimen and the oil of fruits of another specimen had their antimicrobial properties evaluated against six bacteria, two yeasts and five filamentous fungi by the agar diffusion method and microdilution assay. The in vitro results demonstrated that these essential oils exhibit antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella choleraesuis, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, methicilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Cladosporium herbarum, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum and are inactive against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium notatum. The oil obtained from the aerial parts of one specimen displayed moderate toxicity against Artemia salina with a LC50 value of 459.03 mg mL-1.

Os óleos essenciais das folhas, flores e frutos de Myrcia myrtifolia DC foram coletados ao longo dos anos de 2002 e 2003 e foram analisados utilizando CG-DIC e CG-EM. No total foram identificados 28 componentes sendo que o alfa-pineno foi a substância predominante em todas as amostras analisadas apresentando-se em concentrações que variaram entre 61.5 e 90.9%. As propriedades antimicrobianas do óleo essencial das folhas coletadas em outubro de 2002 foram avaliadas contra seis bactérias, duas leveduras e cinco fungos filamentosos sendo mais fortemente ativo contra Microsporum canis e Trichophyton rubrum, ativo contra Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans e Aspergillus fumigatus. O óleo ainda mostrou uma toxicidade moderada, LC50 of 479,16 µg mL-1, contra Artemia salina.

This work reports the seasonal variation of the composition of leaf volatile oils and the composition of volatile oils from flowers and fruits of Myrcia myrtifolia DC harvested in the sand dunes of Salvador, Bahia, northeastern region of Brazil between 2002 and 2003. The oils were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS so that 28 components were identified. alpha-Pinene was predominant in a range from 61.5 to 90.9% in all samples analyzed. The leaf oil collected in October 2002 had their antimicrobial properties tested against six bacteria, two yeasts and five filamentous fungi being active against Staphylococcus aureus, methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus, and showed strongest activity against Microsporum canis and Trichophyton rubrum. The oil displayed moderate toxicity against Artemia salina showing a LC50 of 479.16 µg mL-1.

Do extrato hexânico e da fase extraída com diclorometano do extrato metanólico de Kielmeyera reticulata foram isoladas três novas 4-fenilcumarinas, 5,7-diidroxi-6-(2'-hidroxi-3'-metil-3'-butenil)-8-(4"-cinamoil-3"-metil-1"-oxobutil)-4-fenilcumarina, 7-hidroxi-8-(4"-cinamoil-3"-metil-1" -oxobutil)-2'-(2-hidroxiisopropil)diidrofurano (5',4':5,6)-4-fenilcumarina e 5,7-diidroxi-8-(4"-cinamoil-3"-metil-1"-oxobutil)-4-fenilcumarina, além das substâncias já conhecidas, 7-hidroxi-8-(4"-cinamoil-3"-metil-1"-oxobutil)-2',2'-dimetilpirano(6',5':5,6)-4- n-propilcumarina, 5-hidroxi-6-(4"-cinamoil-3"-metil-1"-oxobutil)-2',2'-dimetilpirano(6',5':7,8)-4- n-propilcumarina, δ-tocotrienol e 2,3-metilenodioxixantona.

Three new 4-phenylcoumarins, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methyl-3'-butenyl)-8-(4" -cinnamoyl-3"-methyl-1"-oxobutyl)-4-phenylcoumarin, 7-hydroxy-8-(4"-cinnamoyl-3"-methyl-1" -oxobutyl)-2'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)-dihydrofurano(5',4':5,6)-4-phenylcoumarin, and 5,7-dihydroxy-8-(4"-cinnamoyl-3"-methyl-1"-oxobutyl)-4-phenylcoumarin, along with the known 4-n-propylcoumarins, 7-hydroxy-8-(4"-cinnamoyl-3"-methyl-1"-oxobutyl)-2',2'-dimethylpyrano (6',5':5,6)-4-n-propylcoumarin, 5-hydroxy-6-(4"-cinnamoyl-3"-methyl-1"-oxobutyl)-2',2' -dimethylpyrano(6',5':7,8)-4-n-propylcoumarin, the xanthone, 2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone and δ-tocotrienol were isolated from the organic extracts of Kielmeyera reticulata stems .

O extrato hexânico das folhas de Erythroxylum passerinum além de sitosterol, β-amirina, lupeol e eritrodiol, forneceu palmitato de β-amirina, palmitato de 3β,28-diidroxi-olean-12-enila (eritrodiol); palmitato de 3β,11β-diidroxi-olean-12-enila; palmitato de 3β-hidroxi-11-oxo-olean-12-enila e palmitato de 3β-hidroxi-11,12-epoxi-friedoolean-14-enila. As estruturas das substâncias foram estabelecidas através da análise dos seus dados espectrométricos, bem como de seus derivados transesterificados, utilizando-se técnicas de RMN de ¹H e de 13C, infravermelho e espectrometria de massas.

The hexane extract of leaves of Erythroxylum passerinum yielded besides sitosterol, β-amyrin, lupeol and erythrodiol, β-amyrin palmitate, 3β,28-dihydroxy-olean-12-enyl palmitate, 3β,11β-dihydroxy-olean-12-enyl palmitate, 3β-hydroxy-11-oxo-olean-12-enyl palmitate and 3β-hydroxy-11,12-epoxy-friedoolean-14-enyl palmitate. The structural elucidation of the isolates and of their derivatives were based on spectral data (¹H and 13C NMR, IR and MS).

Do extrato hexânico de Kielmeyera lathrophyton foram isoladas duas novas xantonas, 1,5 -diidroxi -6' -metil -6' -(4 -metil -3 -pentenil) -pirano(2',3':3,2) -xantona, 1,7 -diidroxi -6' -metil -6' -(4 -metil -3-pentenil) -pirano(2',3':3,2) -xantona. Uma terceira xantona, a 2,3 -metilenodioxixantona, teve a atribuição dos dados de RMN de 13C revista. Foram isoladas ainda seis cumarinas sendo duas delas inéditas, 7 -hidroxi -8 -(3 -metil -1 -oxobutil) -4 -s -butil -6',6' -dimetilpirano(2',3':5,6) -cumarina e 7 -hidroxi -8 -(2 -metil -1 -oxobutil) -4 -s -butil -6',6'dimetilpirano(2',3':5,6) -cumarina. Além dessas substâncias foram isolados ainda o delta-tocotrienol, a friedelina, o 24alfa -etilcolest -5 -en -3 -ona e o 24alfa -etilcolest -5,22 -dien -3 -ol. Estes compostos foram identificados através de suas propriedades espectroscópicas e por comparação de seus dados espectroscópicos com dados da literatura.

Three xanthones and six coumarins were isolated from the hexane extract of the stems of Kielmeyera lathrophyton, among them two new prenylated xanthones 1,5-dihydroxy -6'-methyl -6' -(4-methyl -3-pentenyl) -pyrano(2',3':3,2) -xanthone, 1,7 -dihydroxy -6' -methyl -6' -(4 -methyl -3 -pentenyl) -pyrano(2',3':3,2) -xanthone, and two new 4 -s -butylcoumarins 7 -hydroxy -8 -(3-methyl -1 -oxobutyl) -4 -s -butyl -6',6' -dimethylpyrano (2',3':5,6) -coumarin, 7 -hydroxy -8 -(2-methyl -1 -oxobutyl) -4 -s -butyl -6',6' -dimethylpyrano (2',3':5,6) -coumarin, along with the compounds, delta -tocotrienol, friedelin, 24alpha -ethylcholest -5 -en -3 -one, and , 24alpha -ethylcholest -5,22 -dien -3 -ol. These compounds were identified by comparison with literature data, and their spectroscopic properties.